46)Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed -- and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.

　　所考知识点：定语从句，倒装结构，比较状语从句。

　　句式结构分析： 分句①为主从复合句：

　　主句：Television is one of the means.

　　定语从句：by which these feelings are created and conveyed(介词+which)

　　分句②为主从复合句：

　　主句：and it perhaps has never served before so much to connect different peoples and nations.

　　比较状语从句：as (it perhaps served to connect different peoples and nations) in the recent events in Europe.

　　知识点解析：本道题是很规范的长难句翻译，由两个并列分句构成，分句①中which引导的定语可译为“的”字结构前置，即“…的手段之一”，同时本句话中的被动表达，汉语中多用于主动语态，所以译为主动态“引发和传递这些感受”。分句②中否定副词never位于句首引起倒装，相似的词还有seldom，rarely，no longer, nowhere等，需还原为正常语序：it perhaps has never before...as…再译;时间地点状语先译置于句首，so much…as….是比较结构，对比过去于现在，说明电视发挥的作用之大，前所未有的。

　　词义确定：means：手段，方式;

　　create: 引申为produce a particular feeling; 造成，引起，产生(感觉，情感)

　　peoples ：复数形式表示“民族”

　　serve 在此处引申为 to have a particular effect or result “起作用，产生效果”

　　整体 serve so much to do.. 可理解为在做….方面发挥如此巨大的作用。

　　调序→译文：

　　电视是引发和传递这些感受的手段之一---在欧洲近来发生的事务中，它把不同的民族和国家连在一起，其作用之大，前所未有。

　　47)In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful; groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.

　　所考知识点：同位语，套嵌式定语从句。

　　句式结构分析：主句：In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful;

　　主语的同位语：groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.

　　知识点解析：本句话以分号为界，分两个部分来翻译。as elsewhere 译为“向其他地方一样”;multi-media groups 是多媒体的综合，包括影视，广播，报业，杂志等多种媒体领域，可以译为多媒体集团。分号后是“名词+which 引导的定语从句，翻译时习惯使用前置法：“…的集团”但这样会显得头重脚轻，因此需要调整句序，重复翻译修饰对象groups ，即“这些集团将…组合在一起”;套嵌that引导的定语从句修饰television….publishing houses,指各个传媒领域互相之间关联密切。

　　词义确定：

　　bring together：使联合起来，将…组合在一起

　　in relation to 与…有关联

　　group n.集团

　　increasingly adv. 越来越地;

　　调序→译文：在欧洲，正如在其他地方一样，多媒体集团越来越成功：这些集团将相关的电视，广播，报纸，杂志和出版社组合在一起。