1. regard [ri'ɡɑ:d]                    

n. 注意；尊重v. 注意，注重；注视

【2012·真题例句】Blue used to be regarded as the colour for girls. 蓝色曾被认为是女孩的颜色。

2. comparison [kəm'pærisən]

n. 比较；对照；比喻；比较关系

【2001·真题例句】A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. 把英国最近一个半世纪的地质学刊物作一比较，人们发现，不仅研究的重要性越来越受到强调，而且学术论文的出版标准也在不断地发生变化。

3. mutability [,mjʊtə'bɪləti] 

n. 易变性；性情不定；突变性

【真题例句】Thus just as earlier theories have explained the mobility of the continents, so hot spots may explain their mutability (inconstancy).这样，正像早期的理论解释了大陆的移动性一样，热点理论或许能解释大陆板块的不稳定性。

4. triumph ['traɪʌmf] 

n. 胜利，凯旋；欢欣vi. 获得胜利，成功

【真题例句】If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. 假如这些小热点看上去同预计的一致，那就意味着又一种科学论说的胜利，这种论说即更完美的大爆炸论，亦称宇宙膨胀说。

5. observer [əb'zɜːvə] 

n. 观察者；[天] 观测者；遵守者

【真题例句】Acute foreign observers related American adaptiveness and inventiveness to this educational advantage. 目光敏锐的外国观察家把美国人的适应能力和创新能力与这种教育优势联系起来。

6. formulation [,fɔ:mju'leiʃən]

n. 构想，规划；公式化

【2000·真题例句】For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is, “Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious.”对于这样的人，及更多也许不这么出色的人而言，最好的诠释是“不惜一切代价获得成功，但避免表现出雄心勃勃”。

7. tight [taɪt] 

adj. 紧的；密封的adv. 紧紧地；彻底地

【真题例句】Tight lipped elders used to say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.” 出言谨慎的年长者过去总说：“重要的不是在这个世界上你想要什么，而是你得到了什么。”

8. instinctively [in'stiŋktivli]               

adv. 本能地

【注】词汇题

【2014·真题例句】The word “Viscerally”(Para.5) is closest in meaning to instinctively .第五段的单词Viscerally与“本能地”的意思最接近。

9. advance [əd'vɑ:ns]

n. 发展；前进；增长v. 前进；进展；上涨

【2000·真题例句】The author argues that our bodies have stopped evolving because life has been improved by technological advance.作者认为我们的身体不再进化的原因是技术的进步改进了人的生活。

10. emotion [i'məuʃən]

n. 情感；情绪

【2005·真题例句】The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. 梦和情绪之间的联系在 Cartwright 的诊所的病人身上显露出来了。